Cartilage is a tough, flexible connective tissue that reduces friction between joints, holds bones together, and helps support weight. It can be attacked by various factors, including:
- Relapsing polychondritis: This rare autoimmune disorder causes inflammation and deterioration of cartilage throughout the body, particularly in the ears, nose, joints, eyes, and trachea.
- Osteoarthritis: This degenerative joint disease occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time.
- Rheumatoid arthritis: This autoimmune disorder can cause inflammation and damage to the cartilage in joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and loss of function.
- Cartilage-hair hypoplasia: This rare genetic disorder affects bone growth and can lead to damage of cartilage, causing dwarfism and other skeletal abnormalities.
- Trauma: Injuries to joints, such as a fracture or dislocation, can damage cartilage.
- Aging: As we age, the cartilage in our joints naturally deteriorates.
While these are some of the common causes of cartilage damage, other factors such as infections, metabolic disorders, and certain medications can also contribute to its deterioration.
