Cartilage grows through the division of specialized cells called chondrocytes and the secretion of matrix.
Cartilage Growth Mechanisms
Cartilage growth involves two main processes:
-
Interstitial Growth: This type of growth occurs from within the cartilage tissue. It involves:
- Chondrocyte Division: As stated in the reference, in growing cartilage, the chondrocytes divide.
- Cell Nest Formation: After division, the daughter cells stay grouped together, typically forming 'nests' of 2-4 cells.
- Lacunae: These groups of cells are enclosed in small compartments called lacunae (described as 'little lakes/small pits' in the reference), which are part of the matrix.
-
Appositional Growth: This process involves the addition of new cartilage tissue at the surface. Cells in the perichondrium differentiate into new chondroblasts which then begin to secrete new matrix and ultimately become chondrocytes.
Detailed Explanation of Interstitial Growth
Here's a table summarizing the key elements of interstitial growth, as seen in the reference:
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Chondrocytes | Specialized cartilage cells that divide. |
| Cell Division | Chondrocytes divide, creating daughter cells. |
| Cell Nests | Daughter cells remain in groups of 2-4. |
| Lacunae | Matrix compartments housing the cell nests; also known as little lakes/small pits. |
Importance of Growth
- Skeletal Development: Cartilage growth is crucial for the initial development of the skeletal system, providing the basis for bone formation in many areas.
- Joint Function: Cartilage is important in joints, providing a smooth surface for movement and cushioning. Its growth and maintenance are critical for joint health.
- Tissue Repair: Cartilage growth contributes to the body's ability to repair damaged cartilage, though its regenerative capacity is limited.
Summary
In essence, cartilage grows through the division of chondrocytes, which form groups and create the tissue from within (interstitial growth) and by the addition of new cartilage at the surface (appositional growth).
