A bad CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen) level is generally considered to be any level that is higher than the normal range, especially if it increases over time. According to the reference, a normal CEA level is typically less than 2.5 nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL), although this may vary slightly between labs.
Understanding CEA Levels
CEA is a protein found in the blood, and while it can be elevated in certain non-cancerous conditions, it's most commonly associated with cancers, particularly colorectal cancer. Here's a breakdown:
Normal CEA Levels
| Condition | CEA Level |
|---|---|
| Normal | Less than 2.5 ng/mL |
Elevated CEA Levels
- Higher than normal: A reading above 2.5 ng/mL is considered elevated. It's important to note that one slightly elevated reading might not indicate a serious issue, as various factors can temporarily increase CEA levels (e.g., smoking, certain medical conditions).
- Increasing over time: A consistent increase in CEA levels over multiple tests is more concerning. This pattern is often associated with the growth or recurrence of cancer, particularly after treatment.
Why Increased CEA Levels Are a Concern
According to the reference, an elevated CEA level that increases over time might signal the following:
- Cancer growth: The cancer might be growing, spreading, or becoming more aggressive.
- Cancer recurrence: If you have had cancer treatment, a rise in CEA could indicate the cancer has returned.
Example Scenario
If your CEA level is initially 1.8 ng/mL, which is within the normal range, and then increases to 3.5 ng/mL on a subsequent test and continues to rise, this trend would be considered concerning and would require further investigation.
Key Considerations
- Individual variation: CEA levels can vary from person to person.
- Laboratory differences: Normal ranges may differ slightly between laboratories, so you should always consider the reference range provided by your specific lab.
- Context matters: Elevated CEA does not always mean cancer, so other diagnostic tests and your medical history are always essential when evaluating your situation.
It is important to consult with a healthcare professional to interpret any test results and for recommendations on further management or diagnostic tests.
