Keratin is produced by keratinocytes. These specialized squamous epithelial cells make up over 90% of the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin. They are responsible for producing this tough, protective protein that keeps our hair, skin, and nails healthy and strong.
Understanding Keratinocytes and Keratin Production
Keratinocytes undergo a process of differentiation as they move from the basal layer of the epidermis to the stratum corneum (the outermost layer). During this process, they synthesize and accumulate increasing amounts of keratin, eventually becoming filled with it and dying. This process is crucial for the formation of the protective skin barrier.
- Location: Keratinocytes reside primarily in the epidermis, but can also be found in other epithelial tissues.
- Function: Their primary function is the production and secretion of keratin, contributing to skin's structural integrity and protective barrier.
- Differentiation: The process of keratinocyte differentiation is complex and involves the expression of various genes and proteins, resulting in the formation of the protective, waterproof skin layer.
The references consistently identify keratinocytes as the primary cell type responsible for keratin production:
- "[Keratin is produced by specialized squamous epithelial cells called keratinocytes, which comprise over 90% of the cells in the epidermis.]"(ScienceDirect Topics, Keratin - an overview)
- "[Keratinocytes produce keratin, a tough, protective protein that makes ... cell layer also contains cells ...](SEER Training, Layers of the Skin)
While other cells may produce keratin in specific contexts (e.g., in hair follicles), keratinocytes are the main producers in the context of the skin's epidermis.
