Endothelial cells and mesothelial cells are both types of epithelial cells, but they differ in their location and function.
- Endothelial cells line the inner surface of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and the heart. They play a crucial role in regulating blood flow, controlling permeability, and promoting blood clotting.
- Mesothelial cells line the serous membranes of the body, such as the pericardium, peritoneum, and pleura, as well as internal reproductive organs. They provide a smooth, slippery surface that reduces friction between organs, and they contribute to the production of serous fluid which lubricates these cavities.
The key difference is their location: endothelial cells are found within the circulatory system, while mesothelial cells line the internal body cavities.
The two cell types also differ in their origin. Mesothelium originates from mesoderm, while endothelium derives from ectoderm and endoderm in the early embryo.
While both types of cells are epithelial, they have distinct functions and locations within the body. Endothelial cells maintain the circulatory system, while mesothelial cells provide a smooth, friction-reducing surface for internal organs.
