Cell death is a broad term encompassing several processes, each with unique characteristics. The specific name depends on how the cell dies.
Types of Cell Death
Several mechanisms lead to cell death. These include:
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Apoptosis: This is often referred to as programmed cell death or cell suicide. It's a tightly regulated process essential for normal development and tissue homeostasis. Apoptosis prevents immune activation and apoptotic cells have a distinct microscopic appearance. [Source: Genome.gov, Cleveland Clinic, WEHI]
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Autophagy: Another form of programmed cell death, autophagy involves the cell recycling its own components. It's a natural process that helps cells survive under stress. [Source: Cleveland Clinic, Wikipedia]
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Necrosis: Unlike apoptosis and autophagy, necrosis is not a regulated process. It's typically caused by injury or infection and results in inflammation. [Source: Wikipedia, NCI]
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Ferroptosis: A relatively newer form of regulated cell death, involving iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. [Source: Columbia University News]
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Cornification: A specialized form of programmed cell death specific to keratinocytes in the skin. [Source: PubMed]
The term "cell death" itself is a general term. The more precise terminology depends on the underlying mechanism. For example, in the context of Alzheimer's disease, widespread cell death leads to brain atrophy. [Source: NIA]
