The full form of the TBT chemical is Tributyltin.
Tributyltin (TBT) refers to a group of organotin compounds containing the (C4H9)3Sn group. These compounds were widely used as biocides, most notably in anti-fouling paints applied to the hulls of ships. These paints, often called "bottom paints," prevent marine organisms from attaching to the vessel, reducing drag and improving fuel efficiency.
The use of TBT has been controversial due to its toxicity and persistence in the environment. Even at low concentrations, TBT can have detrimental effects on marine life, particularly shellfish and other invertebrates. These effects include endocrine disruption and imposex (the development of male sexual characteristics in female snails).
Due to these environmental concerns, the use of TBT-based anti-fouling paints has been restricted or banned in many countries. Alternative, less harmful anti-fouling technologies are now being used.
