A neutral carbon atom has exactly six electrons.
The number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the number of protons. Carbon, by definition, always has six protons in its nucleus (this is its atomic number). To be electrically neutral, the negative charges of the electrons must perfectly balance the positive charges of the protons. Therefore, a neutral carbon atom must have six electrons.
Here's a breakdown:
- Atomic Number of Carbon: 6 (This means it has 6 protons)
- Charge of a Proton: +1
- Charge of an Electron: -1
- Neutral Atom: Number of Protons = Number of Electrons
Therefore:
Number of Electrons = Number of Protons = 6
In summary, the requirement for electrical neutrality dictates that a carbon atom, with its six protons, must also possess six electrons.
