The valence value of iron is +2 or +3.
Understanding Valence
In simple terms, valence refers to the number of electrons an atom can gain, lose, or share when forming chemical bonds. It helps us understand how atoms interact with each other. The number of valence electrons an atom has determines its chemical behavior.
Iron's Unique Valence
Iron exhibits multiple valence states because it has multiple options for losing electrons.
- Iron has two valence states: +2 and +3.
- When iron loses its two 4s electrons, it achieves a valence of +2. This is how it gets a +2 valency.
- Iron can also lose an additional electron from its 3d subshell to form the +3 oxidation state.
How Iron Gets its Valencies
The ability to form different valencies makes iron a versatile element.
| Valence State | Electrons Lost | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| +2 | Two 4s electrons | Losing two electrons from its outermost shell |
| +3 | Two 4s electrons + One 3d electron | Losing two electrons from the 4s subshell and one from the 3d subshell. |
Examples of Iron Compounds:
- Ferrous Chloride (FeCl2): Iron has a +2 valency.
- Ferric Chloride (FeCl3): Iron has a +3 valency.
The valence of iron depends on the specific compound it forms, and it is important to use the correct notation to describe compounds containing iron.
