A healthy child's body temperature typically ranges from 36.5°C (97.7°F) to 37.5°C (99.5°F). However, this can fluctuate throughout the day, often being slightly higher in the evening than in the morning. Temperatures between 37.5°C (99.5°F) and 38.5°C (101.3°F) are considered elevated.
Understanding Normal Temperature Ranges
Several factors influence a child's body temperature reading, including the method used to measure it. Different sources provide slightly varying ranges depending on the measurement location (oral, rectal, axillary):
- Rectal: 36.6°C to 37.9°C (97.9°F to 100.2°F) [Source: Caring for kids] and 36.6°C to 38°C (97.9°F to 100.4°F) [Source: PMC]
- Oral: 35.5°C to 37.5°C (95.9°F to 99.5°F) [Source: Caring for kids and PMC]
- Axillary (armpit): 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.8°F to 99.5°F) [Source: Caring for kids] and 34.7°C to 37.3°C (94.5°F to 99.1°F) [Source: PMC]
It's crucial to note that these ranges represent averages, and individual children may have slightly different normal temperatures.
Fever vs. Normal Temperature
A fever is a body temperature higher than normal. While a fever can be concerning, it's also a sign that the body's immune system is fighting off an infection. [Source: Kids Health] Always consult a healthcare professional if you have concerns about your child's temperature.
Importance of Accurate Measurement
The accuracy of a temperature reading depends heavily on the method used and the thermometer's calibration. Different age groups may require different measurement methods. [Source: Mayo Clinic, NHS] For infants, rectal temperature readings are often preferred for accuracy, while oral measurements are more common for older children.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While a mild fever is often not cause for alarm, it's vital to contact a doctor if your child experiences:
- A fever lasting more than four to five days. [Source: Children's Hospital Los Angeles]
- A high fever (over 100.4°F or 38°C) in a newborn younger than two months old. [Source: Children's Hospital Los Angeles]
- Any other concerning symptoms alongside a fever.
