LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is bad because high levels contribute to plaque buildup in your arteries.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
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Plaque Formation: LDL cholesterol carries cholesterol from your liver to cells throughout your body. When there's too much LDL cholesterol in your blood, it can accumulate on the walls of your arteries, leading to the formation of plaque. This plaque hardens and narrows the arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis.
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Reduced Blood Flow: As plaque builds up, it restricts blood flow to vital organs and tissues. This reduced blood flow can cause a variety of health problems.
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Increased Risk of Heart Disease and Stroke: The most serious consequences of high LDL cholesterol and plaque buildup are heart disease and stroke.
- Heart Disease: Reduced blood flow to the heart can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and fatigue. If a plaque ruptures, it can form a blood clot that completely blocks blood flow to the heart, causing a heart attack.
- Stroke: Similarly, if a plaque in an artery leading to the brain ruptures and forms a blood clot, it can block blood flow to the brain, causing a stroke.
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Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): Atherosclerosis can also affect arteries in the legs and feet, leading to PAD. Symptoms of PAD include leg pain, numbness, and cramping, especially during exercise.
In summary, LDL cholesterol is "bad" because it contributes to the formation of plaque in arteries, which can lead to reduced blood flow and a significantly increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Maintaining healthy LDL cholesterol levels is crucial for cardiovascular health.
