LDL and HDL are two types of cholesterol found in your blood. Understanding their roles is crucial for maintaining heart health.
LDL Cholesterol: The "Bad" Cholesterol
LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein. It's often called "bad" cholesterol because high levels contribute to a buildup of cholesterol in your arteries (MedlinePlus, 2024). This buildup, known as plaque, can harden and narrow your arteries, leading to a condition called atherosclerosis, increasing your risk of heart attack and stroke (CDC, 2024).
- High LDL levels: Increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Low LDL levels: Are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.
HDL Cholesterol: The "Good" Cholesterol
HDL stands for high-density lipoprotein. It's often called "good" cholesterol because it helps remove cholesterol from your arteries and carry it back to your liver for processing and removal from your body (MedlinePlus, 2024; American Heart Association, 2024). Higher levels of HDL are generally better for your heart health.
- High HDL levels: Offer protection against heart attack and stroke.
- Low HDL levels: Increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Interpreting Your Cholesterol Levels
Your doctor will interpret your LDL and HDL levels in conjunction with other factors like your triglycerides and overall health to assess your risk for heart disease. Aiming for a high HDL level and a low LDL level is generally recommended for optimal cardiovascular health (Cleveland Clinic, 2024). Many healthcare professionals now consider your non-HDL cholesterol level, which is your total cholesterol minus your HDL, to be more important than calculating a cholesterol ratio (Mayo Clinic, 2024).
References:
- MedlinePlus. (2024, March 22). LDL: The "bad" cholesterol. https://medlineplus.gov/ldlthebadcholesterol.html
- American Heart Association. (2024, February 19). HDL (Good), LDL (Bad) Cholesterol and Triglycerides. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/hdl-good-ldl-bad-cholesterol-and-triglycerides
- CDC. (2024, May 15). LDL and HDL Cholesterol and Triglycerides. https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/about/ldl-and-hdl-cholesterol-and-triglycerides.html
- Cleveland Clinic. (2024). Cholesterol Levels: What You Need to Know. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11920-cholesterol-numbers-what-do-they-mean
- Mayo Clinic. (2024). Cholesterol ratio or non-HDL cholesterol: Which is most important? https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/expert-answers/cholesterol-ratio/faq-20058006