The full form of G-code is Geometric Code.
G-code, also known as RS-274, is a widely used programming language for Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines. It is the dominant language in the CNC world, instructing machines to perform specific actions like moving, cutting, drilling, and milling. While "Geometric Code" is the literal full form, it is more accurately understood as a language that uses coded instructions to define the geometry of toolpaths and machine movements.
Here's a breakdown of what G-code does:
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Controls Machine Movement: G-code uses commands to dictate the movement of the cutting tool along specific axes (X, Y, Z). It tells the machine where to move and how fast to move.
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Specifies Cutting Parameters: Beyond movement, G-code also specifies cutting parameters such as feed rate (the speed at which the tool moves through the material), spindle speed (the rotational speed of the cutting tool), and tool selection.
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Automates Manufacturing Processes: By writing G-code programs, manufacturers can automate complex cutting and machining processes, increasing efficiency and precision.
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Example of G-code commands:
G00: Rapid traverse (moving the tool quickly to a new position without cutting).G01: Linear interpolation (moving the tool in a straight line while cutting).G02: Circular interpolation clockwise (moving the tool in a circular arc clockwise).G03: Circular interpolation counterclockwise (moving the tool in a circular arc counterclockwise).G90: Absolute programming (coordinates are interpreted as positions relative to the machine origin).G91: Incremental programming (coordinates are interpreted as distances relative to the current position).
In summary, while the literal full form of G-code is "Geometric Code," its purpose is to provide a set of instructions that define the geometry of the part to be manufactured. Understanding G-code is crucial for operating and programming CNC machines.
