Gingival tissue primarily contains type I and type III collagen.
Collagen Types in the Gingiva: A Detailed Look
The gingiva, the gum tissue surrounding your teeth, is composed of connective tissue, specifically the lamina propria. This connective tissue is rich in collagen, a protein that provides strength and structure. The major collagen types found here are:
- Type I Collagen: This is the most abundant type, making up approximately 83% (5/6 of the 99%) of the total collagen in healthy gingiva. It provides significant tensile strength and structural support.
- Type III Collagen: Present in a smaller proportion (approximately 16% (1/6 of the 99%) ), type III collagen works alongside type I, contributing to the overall strength and elasticity of the gingival tissue.
A lesser amount of Type IV collagen (1%) is also present. This type is associated with the basal lamina, a thin layer separating the epithelium (the outer layer of the gingiva) from the underlying connective tissue.
The ratio of type I to type III collagen is typically 5:1 in normal gingival tissue. This ratio can change in cases of gingival disease, making collagen analysis a useful tool in diagnosing periodontal conditions.
