Communicable diseases are caused by infectious agents that can be spread from one person to another. These diseases are primarily caused by viruses or bacteria. Here's a breakdown of how these agents can lead to infection:
How Communicable Diseases Spread
Communicable diseases spread through various routes, allowing the causative agents (viruses or bacteria) to infect new hosts. The reference provided highlights the following methods:
- Contact with contaminated surfaces: Touching surfaces that harbor viruses or bacteria can lead to infection if you then touch your face (eyes, nose, mouth).
- Bodily fluids: Direct contact with bodily fluids like saliva, blood, or semen can transmit infections.
- Blood products: Contaminated blood transfusions or sharing needles can spread diseases.
- Insect bites: Certain insects, like mosquitoes or ticks, can carry and transmit pathogens.
- Through the air: Respiratory droplets released when someone coughs or sneezes can contain viruses or bacteria.
Common Examples by Cause
The specific type of communicable disease depends on the specific virus or bacteria involved. For example:
| Cause | Examples |
|---|---|
| Viruses | Common cold, influenza, HIV, measles |
| Bacteria | Strep throat, tuberculosis, E. coli |
Understanding the causes and transmission routes is essential for preventing the spread of communicable diseases through hygiene practices, vaccinations, and other public health measures.
