Concrete pavers can be installed in two primary ways: the traditional method involving excavation and a base layer, or the overlay method, placing them directly over existing concrete.
Installing concrete pavers can transform outdoor spaces like patios, walkways, and driveways. The method chosen often depends on the existing conditions of the site.
Two Methods for Installing Concrete Pavers
According to installation practices, there are two main approaches you can take:
1. The Traditional Method (Starting from Scratch)
This is the most common and durable method, especially for new installations or areas without a suitable existing surface.
- Excavation: This method starts from scratch and excavates the area before laying the pavers. This involves removing soil, grass, or any existing material to a specific depth, typically ranging from 6 to 12 inches depending on the intended use (walkway vs. driveway).
- Base Preparation: After excavation, layers of crushed stone or gravel are added and compacted to create a strong, stable base that drains well.
- Bedding Layer: A layer of sand or fine aggregate is spread evenly over the compacted base. This sand layer provides the final leveling surface upon which the pavers are laid.
- Laying the Pavers: Pavers are placed onto the sand bed according to the desired pattern, ensuring tight joints.
- Joint Filling: Sand (often polymeric sand) is swept into the joints between the pavers and then usually moistened to lock the pavers in place and prevent weed growth.
- Compaction: The installed area is typically run over with a plate compactor to settle the pavers firmly into the sand bed.
2. The Overlay Method (Over Existing Concrete)
This method is suitable when you have an existing, structurally sound concrete slab that you want to cover without the labor and expense of removal.
- Preparation: The existing concrete surface must be clean, level, and free of significant cracks or damage. Any major issues need to be repaired. Good drainage is crucial; the concrete must have a slight slope away from structures.
- Drainage: While not always required, some installers may use a drainage mat or layer of coarse sand on top of the concrete to help water escape.
- Bedding Layer: A thin layer of bedding material (often coarse sand) is spread over the prepared concrete surface.
- Laying the Pavers: Pavers designed for overlay applications (sometimes thinner) are laid directly onto the bedding layer on the existing concrete.
- Joint Filling & Compaction: Similar to the traditional method, joints are filled with sand, and the area is compacted.
The choice between these two methods depends on factors like budget, time constraints, desired lifespan, and the current condition of the installation area. The traditional method generally offers greater long-term stability and design flexibility, while the overlay method is quicker and less disruptive.
