Bricks are laid by applying mortar to them and then placing them in a specific pattern to create a durable and aesthetically pleasing structure.
Here's a step-by-step breakdown of the brick-laying process:
- Prepare the Foundation: Ensure the foundation is level and clean. This is crucial for the stability of the brick structure.
- Mix the Mortar: Mix the mortar according to the manufacturer's instructions. The consistency should be similar to thick peanut butter.
- Apply the Mortar Bed: Using a trowel, spread a layer of mortar (about 1 inch thick) onto the foundation where the first course (row) of bricks will be placed. This is called the mortar bed.
- Lay the First Brick: Place the first brick onto the mortar bed, pressing it firmly into place. Use a level to ensure it's perfectly level.
- Apply Mortar to the End of the Brick: Add approximately 3/8 inch of mortar to the end of the next brick. This is often referred to as "buttering" the brick.
- Place the Next Brick: Position the buttered brick next to the first brick, ensuring a consistent mortar joint (the space between the bricks).
- Continue Laying the Course: Repeat steps 5 and 6, placing bricks end-to-end along the mortar bed. Use a level frequently to ensure each brick is level and aligned.
- Check for Alignment: Use a string line or straight edge to ensure all bricks in the course are in a straight line.
- Remove Excess Mortar: As you lay the bricks, excess mortar will squeeze out of the joints. Use the trowel to remove this excess and smooth the joints.
- Create Subsequent Courses: After the first course is complete, repeat the process for subsequent courses. Stagger the joints in each course to increase the strength and stability of the wall. This is usually done by starting each new row with a half brick.
- Tool the Joints: After the mortar has partially set, "tool" the joints with a jointing tool. This compresses the mortar and creates a neat, professional finish. Different joint profiles (e.g., concave, v-joint, weathered) can be achieved with different tools.
- Clean the Brickwork: Once the mortar is fully cured, clean any excess mortar from the brick surfaces with a brush and water.
Key Considerations:
- Mortar Joints: Consistent mortar joint size (typically 3/8 inch) is crucial for structural integrity and appearance.
- Bonding Patterns: Different bonding patterns (e.g., running bond, English bond, Flemish bond) can be used to create different aesthetic effects and structural strengths.
- Weather Conditions: Avoid laying bricks in extreme weather conditions (e.g., freezing temperatures or heavy rain), as this can affect the mortar's curing process.
- Safety: Always wear appropriate safety gear, including gloves and eye protection, when working with mortar and bricks.
