The 3-month injection to prevent pregnancy is the Depo-Provera injection.
Depo-Provera, also known as DMPA (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate), is a highly effective, long-acting, and easy-to-use contraceptive method. It's administered as an injection once every three months by a healthcare provider.
Key Features of Depo-Provera:
- Effectiveness: Typically, Depo-Provera is around 97% effective at preventing pregnancy. This high effectiveness rate relies on consistently receiving the injection every three months.
- Mechanism of Action: It works primarily by preventing ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovaries). It also thickens cervical mucus, making it harder for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg, and thins the lining of the uterus.
- Convenience: A major advantage is its convenience. Unlike daily pills, you only need to remember to get the injection every 12-13 weeks.
- Side Effects: While generally safe, Depo-Provera can cause side effects. Common side effects include changes in menstrual bleeding patterns (irregular bleeding, spotting, or amenorrhea - absence of periods), weight gain, headaches, mood changes, and breast tenderness. Bone density loss is also a potential concern with long-term use (over 2 years), and doctors may recommend calcium and vitamin D supplementation.
- Delayed Return to Fertility: It can take some time (several months up to a year or more in some cases) for fertility to return after stopping the injections.
- Administration: It's administered via intramuscular injection (usually in the arm or buttock) by a healthcare provider every 3 months.
Before starting Depo-Provera, it's important to discuss your medical history and any concerns with your doctor to determine if it's the right contraceptive option for you. They can provide personalized advice and monitor you for any potential side effects.
