Several medications can reduce cortisol levels, primarily by blocking its production. These medications are often used when high cortisol levels need to be managed.
Medications That Reduce Cortisol
The following medications are commonly used to lower cortisol levels:
- Ketoconazole: This medication blocks the enzymes necessary for cortisol production.
- Metyrapone: Metyrapone works by inhibiting an enzyme required for the final step of cortisol synthesis.
- Mitotane: Mitotane is an anti-cancer drug that also has the effect of reducing cortisol production in the adrenal glands.
These medications can help manage conditions caused by excessive cortisol, such as Cushing's syndrome, while awaiting more permanent solutions.
How They Work
These medications work through different mechanisms to lower cortisol:
- Enzyme Inhibition: Ketoconazole and metyrapone primarily act by blocking enzymes crucial in the adrenal gland's cortisol production pathway. This reduces the amount of cortisol synthesized.
- Adrenal Suppression: Mitotane acts more directly, suppressing the adrenal gland itself which reduces its ability to produce cortisol.
Important Considerations
- These medications are typically prescribed by a specialist doctor familiar with managing hormone imbalances.
- Usage is usually monitored closely due to potential side effects and the need to adjust dosages.
- They are often used as a bridge to longer term treatment strategies.
