Saliva, in cricket, was the practice of applying saliva to one side of the cricket ball, then polishing it to create swing during bowling. However, this practice is now permanently banned by the ICC.
The Role of Saliva in Swing Bowling
Historically, bowlers used saliva (and sweat) to shine one side of the cricket ball. This created a difference in the smoothness of the two sides. The rough side would encounter more air resistance, while the smooth, polished side would allow the air to flow more freely. This difference in airflow caused the ball to swing in the air during its flight toward the batsman. This ability to induce swing makes the ball more difficult to play, increasing the chances of a wicket.
- Swing Bowling: The art of making the cricket ball deviate in the air.
- Reverse Swing: A phenomenon where the ball swings in the opposite direction to what is expected.
The Ban on Saliva
The ICC initially banned the use of saliva as a temporary measure in 2020 due to health concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This ban was then made permanent on September 20, 2022, with the changes coming into effect on October 1, 2022. Players are now only permitted to use sweat to polish the ball.
- Reason for the Ban: Primarily concerns about hygiene and preventing the spread of infection.
- Alternative Allowed: Sweat remains a permitted substance for polishing.
Impact of the Ban
The ban on saliva has had a significant impact on the game, especially on bowlers who rely on conventional swing. Teams are now exploring other methods to generate swing, such as using the conditions of the pitch and exploiting the natural wear and tear of the ball. The change has increased the reliance on bowlers who can extract swing from pace, seam movement, and cutters.
