Building a sturdy deck starts with solid footings. A deck post footing is a concrete base poured into the ground that supports the weight of the deck posts, transferring the load to the soil and preventing settlement or movement caused by frost heave. The process involves several key steps to ensure the footing is properly constructed and meets local building codes.
Here is a general guide on how to build a deck post footing, incorporating essential steps based on construction practices:
Steps for Building a Deck Post Footing
Constructing a proper deck footing involves careful preparation, digging, pouring, and securing the post connection. Following these steps helps ensure the longevity and stability of your deck.
-
Step 1: Prepare the Area & Remove Debris
Before you start digging, clear the area where the footings will be located. Remove any grass, soil, rocks, or other debris that might interfere with marking out the footing positions or the digging process. Ensure the ground is level enough to work safely. -
Step 2: Dig Footing Holes
Dig holes for the footings according to your deck plan and local building codes. Code requirements dictate the diameter and depth of the holes, which often depend on the frost line in your area. The hole depth must extend below the frost line to prevent freezing and thawing ground from shifting the footing. The diameter should be sufficient to support the post's load. Using a post hole digger or auger can make this task easier. -
Step 3: Get the Footing Holes Inspected
Before pouring any concrete, local building codes typically require an inspection of the footing holes. An inspector will verify that the holes are dug to the correct depth and diameter and that the base is undisturbed soil. This is a critical step to ensure compliance and structural integrity. -
Step 4: Mix and Pour the Concrete
Once the holes are approved, it's time to mix and pour the concrete. Use a concrete mix suitable for footings. You can mix concrete manually in a wheelbarrow or use a concrete mixer for larger projects. Carefully pour the concrete into the footing hole, ensuring it fills completely from the bottom up. Use a shovel or tamper to remove air pockets as you pour. -
Step 5: Add Reinforced Steel as Required
Depending on the footing size, soil conditions, and local codes, reinforced steel (rebar) may be required to add strength and prevent cracking. If needed, place the rebar cage or individual bars into the wet concrete according to code specifications. The rebar should be properly supported to ensure it is centered within the footing. -
Step 6: Place Anchor Bolts
Before the concrete sets, you must place anchor bolts or a post base connector into the wet concrete at the correct location and height. This is how the deck post will be attached to the footing. Ensure the bolt or connector is plumb and aligned correctly with the deck layout. Use a template or a portion of the post to guide placement if necessary. Smooth the top surface of the concrete around the anchor bolt or connector. Allow the concrete to cure properly before attaching the deck post.
Following these steps diligently helps create a strong foundation for your deck, ensuring it remains stable and safe for years to come. Always consult your specific deck plans and local building codes before beginning construction.
