What is Alveolar Bone?
Alveolar bone is the specialized bone that surrounds and supports your teeth. It forms the sockets (alveoli) that hold the tooth roots firmly in place. This strong, dense bone is a crucial part of your jaw structure, found in both the maxilla (upper jaw) and the mandible (lower jaw).
- Supports Teeth: The primary function of alveolar bone is to provide structural support for teeth, anchoring them securely within the jaw.
- Forms Sockets: The alveolar bone forms the sockets, or alveoli, that individually encase each tooth root.
- Composition: While primarily composed of compact bone, alveolar bone also contains a spongy inner layer. It features Volkmann's canals, tiny channels that allow blood vessels and nerves to pass through.
- Development and Atrophy: Alveolar bone develops alongside tooth eruption. Conversely, it undergoes resorption (atrophy) following tooth loss.
Clinical Significance
Alveolar bone is highly relevant to dental health. Conditions like periodontitis (gum disease) can lead to alveolar bone loss, resulting in tooth loosening and potential tooth loss. Research extensively explores the relationship between alveolar bone and periodontal disease, as well as other factors influencing its health, such as diabetes control. Clinical treatments and basic research focus on maintaining and restoring alveolar bone, using techniques like bone grafting. These procedures often involve bone grafts to repair alveolar bone loss after tooth extraction or due to injury.
In Summary
The alveolar bone, also known as the alveolar process, is the thickened part of the jaw bones that encases and supports the teeth. Its health is directly linked to the overall health and stability of your teeth.
