You are likely growing extra teeth in your gums due to a condition called hyperdontia. While the exact cause isn't fully understood, several factors contribute to this condition.
Understanding Hyperdontia
Hyperdontia is the presence of extra teeth, also known as supernumerary teeth, that develop in addition to the normal set of teeth (20 primary or baby teeth and 32 permanent teeth). These extra teeth can erupt in any area of the mouth but are most commonly found in the upper front teeth region (maxillary incisor area).
Possible Causes of Hyperdontia
Experts have identified several potential causes of hyperdontia, including:
- Genetics: Hyperdontia can be inherited, meaning it runs in families. If your parents or other family members have experienced hyperdontia, you may be more likely to develop it.
- Overactive Dental Lamina: The dental lamina is the tissue responsible for forming teeth during development. An overactive dental lamina can lead to the formation of extra tooth buds, resulting in supernumerary teeth.
- Atavism: This refers to the reappearance of an ancestral genetic trait. In the context of hyperdontia, it suggests that a gene responsible for producing a larger number of teeth in our ancestors may have been reactivated.
Management of Hyperdontia
While hyperdontia itself is not usually harmful, the extra teeth can cause problems such as crowding, displacement of normal teeth, and difficulties with chewing and speaking. Management typically involves:
- Diagnosis: A dentist or orthodontist can diagnose hyperdontia through a clinical examination and X-rays.
- Treatment: Treatment options depend on the location, number, and impact of the extra teeth. Common approaches include:
- Extraction: The most common treatment involves surgically removing the extra teeth, especially if they are causing problems.
- Observation: In some cases, if the extra teeth are not causing any issues, the dentist may choose to monitor them without intervention.
- Orthodontic Treatment: If the extra teeth have caused crowding or misalignment, orthodontic treatment (braces) may be necessary to correct the bite.
Summary
In summary, the growth of extra teeth in your gums, known as hyperdontia, can be attributed to a combination of genetic predisposition, overactivity of the dental lamina, or the reappearance of an ancestral trait. Diagnosis and treatment are best managed by a dental professional.
