Yes, caps on teeth, also known as dental crowns, can go bad over time.
While dental crowns are durable and designed to last for many years, they are not indestructible and the underlying tooth and surrounding gum tissue can still experience issues. Understanding how and why a dental crown might need replacement or repair is crucial for maintaining good oral health.
How Dental Crowns Can Go Bad
According to dental information, while crowns can crack or break, most often, a crown needs to be removed because of decay on the tooth underneath. Several factors contribute to a crown "going bad":
- Decay Underneath the Crown: This is the most common reason for a crown failure. Even with a crown covering most of the tooth, the margin (edge) of the crown meets the natural tooth structure, usually near the gum line.
- Gum Recession: As people age, gums tend to recede.
- Open Seal (Margin): When gums recede, the seal or margin between the crown and the tooth can open slightly.
- Bacterial Invasion: This opened margin allows bacteria to enter the space between the crown and the natural tooth.
- Decay Formation: The bacteria produce acids that cause decay on the tooth structure underneath the crown.
- Cracking or Breaking: Although less common than decay underneath, the crown material itself can chip, crack, or even break, especially from biting hard objects, teeth grinding (bruxism), or trauma.
- Wear and Tear: Like natural teeth, crowns can wear down over time, particularly if they are part of a patient's bite surface.
- Loose Crown: The cement holding the crown in place can sometimes wash out or degrade, causing the crown to become loose or even fall off. This looseness can also allow bacteria to enter.
- Gum Issues: Poor oral hygiene around the crown can lead to gum disease, which can affect the underlying tooth and the integrity of the crown's seal.
Here's a simple overview of potential issues:
| Issue | Description | Primary Cause |
|---|---|---|
| Decay Under Crown | Cavities form on the natural tooth structure covered by the crown. | Gum recession opening seal, bacteria entering. |
| Crown Cracking/Breaking | The crown material chips, fractures, or breaks. | Biting hard foods, trauma, grinding teeth. |
| Crown Becoming Loose/Falling | The crown detaches or feels wobbly. | Cement degradation, decay under crown. |
| Wear | The chewing surface of the crown wears down. | Normal use, grinding teeth. |
What Happens When a Crown Goes Bad?
When a crown goes bad, you might experience several symptoms, including:
- Pain or sensitivity (especially if there's decay)
- Swelling or tenderness around the gum line
- A loose feeling in the crown
- Visible crack or chip in the crown
- Bad breath or taste (potentially from decay or trapped food)
If you suspect your dental crown has gone bad, it's essential to see your dentist promptly. Ignoring the issue can lead to more extensive decay, infection, or even loss of the tooth.
Maintaining Your Dental Crown
While crowns can have issues, their lifespan can be maximized with proper care:
- Practice excellent oral hygiene, including brushing twice daily and flossing around the crown's margin.
- Visit your dentist for regular check-ups and professional cleanings.
- Avoid biting down on hard foods or objects.
- If you grind your teeth, discuss a nightguard with your dentist.
By being aware that crowns can go bad, primarily due to issues like decay developing underneath when gums recede and the seal is compromised, and by maintaining good oral hygiene, you can help protect your dental investment and your oral health.
