Your adult tooth could hurt for several reasons, ranging from minor irritations to more serious underlying issues. Pinpointing the exact cause requires a dentist's evaluation, but here are some common possibilities:
Potential Causes of Tooth Pain
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Tooth Decay (Cavities): A cavity forms when bacteria erode the enamel and dentin of the tooth, exposing the sensitive inner layers. This often causes sharp, stabbing pain, especially when eating or drinking something sweet, hot, or cold.
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Tooth Infection (Abscess): An infected tooth can cause a dull, persistent toothache and significant pain. This infection can spread to the surrounding tissues and even the jawbone. An abscess requires immediate dental treatment.
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Cracked Tooth: A crack in the tooth, sometimes invisible to the naked eye, can cause sharp pain when biting or chewing. The pain may come and go.
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Damaged Filling or Crown: An old or damaged filling or crown can expose the underlying tooth structure, leading to sensitivity and pain.
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Teeth Grinding (Bruxism): Grinding your teeth, especially while you sleep, can put excessive pressure on your teeth, causing soreness and pain.
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Gum Disease (Gingivitis/Periodontitis): Inflammation and infection of the gums can cause tooth pain and sensitivity. Advanced gum disease can lead to bone loss and tooth loosening.
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Exposed Tooth Root: Receding gums can expose the root of the tooth, which is much more sensitive than the enamel-covered crown. Hot, cold, or acidic foods and drinks can trigger pain.
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Sinus Infection: Sometimes, pain in the upper teeth can be referred pain from a sinus infection. The pressure in the sinuses can irritate the nerves near the tooth roots.
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Referred Pain: Pain from other areas, such as the jaw or ear, can sometimes be felt in the teeth.
When to See a Dentist
It's crucial to see a dentist as soon as possible if you experience:
- Severe tooth pain
- Pain that lasts for more than a day or two
- Swelling around the tooth or jaw
- Fever
- Pain when biting or chewing
- Sensitivity to hot or cold
Ignoring tooth pain can lead to more serious complications. Early diagnosis and treatment can often prevent further damage and save your tooth.
