A parulis, also known as a gum boil or fistula granuloma, is a localized lesion that develops specifically on the gingiva (gums) as a result of infection.
Understanding a Parulis
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Definition: A parulis is a common inflammatory lesion that appears on the gums. It represents the opening of a sinus tract originating from an infection within the tooth or surrounding tissues.
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Cause: The primary cause is an infection, often stemming from a dental abscess (peri-apical infection) or periodontal disease. Infection from the tooth/socket tracks through the bone and drains onto the gingiva.
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Appearance: It typically presents as a small, raised, red or pink nodule on the gum tissue, often near the affected tooth. It can sometimes discharge pus.
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Location: Parulides are characteristically found at the opening of a sinus tract of a peri-apical or periodontal fistula.
Parulis vs. Other Gum Lesions
It's important to differentiate a parulis from other lesions that may appear on the gums. While a parulis is specifically linked to an underlying infection, other conditions, such as fibromas or irritation from dental appliances, can also cause gum lesions.
Treatment
Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying infection. This may involve:
- Root Canal Treatment: If the infection originates from the tooth pulp, root canal therapy may be necessary to remove the infected tissue and seal the tooth.
- Periodontal Treatment: If periodontal disease is the cause, scaling and root planing (deep cleaning) and potentially other periodontal procedures may be required.
- Antibiotics: In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to control the infection, particularly if there is significant swelling or systemic involvement.
- Extraction: In cases where the tooth cannot be saved, extraction might be necessary.
A parulis serves as a visual indicator of an underlying dental or periodontal infection, requiring prompt professional evaluation and treatment to resolve the infection and prevent further complications.
