The parodontium (also known as the periodontium) is the tooth support device, comprising the tissues that surround and support the teeth, firmly anchoring them in the jaw.
Essentially, it's the foundation that keeps your teeth in place. Periodontitis, a disease that affects the parodontium, highlights its crucial role in oral health. The components of the parodontium work together to ensure proper tooth function and stability.
Here's a breakdown of the structures that make up the parodontium:
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Gingiva (Gums): The soft tissue that surrounds the teeth and protects the underlying structures. It forms a seal around the tooth, preventing bacteria from entering.
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Periodontal Ligament: A fibrous connective tissue that connects the tooth root to the alveolar bone. It acts as a shock absorber, allowing the tooth to withstand the forces of chewing. It also contains nerves and blood vessels that supply the tooth and surrounding tissues.
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Cementum: A thin layer of calcified tissue that covers the tooth root. It provides attachment for the periodontal ligament fibers.
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Alveolar Bone: The bone that surrounds and supports the teeth. It contains sockets (alveoli) for each tooth.
The health of the parodontium is essential for maintaining healthy teeth. When the parodontium is affected by disease, such as periodontitis (gum disease), it can lead to tooth loosening and eventual tooth loss. Proper oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings, are crucial for maintaining the health of the parodontium.
