Keloids are primarily caused by an overproduction of collagen during the healing process after skin injury.
Essentially, a keloid scar forms when the body continues to produce collagen even after a wound has closed. This excessive collagen buildup results in a scar that extends beyond the original site of the injury. Here’s a breakdown:
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Collagen Overproduction: The main culprit is an abnormal increase in collagen synthesis during wound healing. Collagen is a protein that provides structure to the skin, but too much of it leads to keloid formation.
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Skin Injury or Trauma: Keloids usually develop after some form of skin damage. This can include:
- Cuts
- Burns
- Surgical incisions
- Acne
- Chickenpox
- Insect bites
- Piercings
- Vaccination sites
- Other skin conditions that cause inflammation.
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Genetic Predisposition: Some individuals are genetically more prone to developing keloids. People with a family history of keloids have a higher risk. Certain ethnic groups, particularly those with darker skin, also have a higher incidence of keloid formation.
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Location: Keloids are more likely to develop in certain areas of the body, such as the chest, shoulders, upper arms, and earlobes.
It's important to understand that keloids aren't just a cosmetic issue; they can sometimes be painful or itchy.
While the exact mechanisms that trigger excessive collagen production are still being researched, these factors are known to play a significant role in the development of keloids.
