The study of skin diseases is called dermatology. Dermatologists are medical professionals who specialize in diagnosing and treating skin conditions, hair disorders, and nail diseases. They have extensive knowledge of the skin's structure, function, and common ailments.
Dermatology encompasses a wide range of subspecialties, including:
- Pediatric dermatology: Focuses on skin conditions affecting children.
- Cosmetic dermatology: Deals with aesthetic concerns like wrinkles, acne, and hair loss.
- Dermatopathology: Involves the microscopic examination of skin biopsies to diagnose skin diseases.
- Surgical dermatology: Specializes in surgical procedures for skin cancer, cysts, and other skin lesions.
Dermatologists use a variety of diagnostic tools and treatments, including:
- Physical examination: Visual inspection of the skin, hair, and nails.
- Biopsy: Taking a small sample of skin tissue for microscopic analysis.
- Patch testing: Identifying allergens that cause contact dermatitis.
- Topical medications: Creams, lotions, and ointments applied directly to the skin.
- Oral medications: Pills or liquids taken by mouth.
- Phototherapy: Using ultraviolet light to treat certain skin conditions.
- Laser therapy: Using laser beams to remove skin lesions or improve skin texture.
