The principles of development theory, specifically concerning growth and development in children, are based on predictable patterns. These patterns help us understand and anticipate developmental milestones. According to the provided reference, these principles are:
Core Principles of Growth and Development
These principles outline the general direction and sequence of development that most children follow.
| Principle | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Cephalocaudal | Development proceeds from the head downwards. | Infants gain control of their head and neck muscles before they can control their torso or legs. |
| Proximodistal | Development proceeds from the center of the body outwards. | Children develop control of their arms before they develop fine motor skills in their hands and fingers. |
| Orthogenetic | Development starts globally and undifferentiated and moves toward increasing differentiation and hierarchical integration. | A baby initially moves their whole body, then learns to control specific limbs and motions. |
These principles are useful for predicting how and when children will develop various characteristics.
