Insulin, a life-saving hormone for people with diabetes, was discovered by a team! Sir Frederick G. Banting, Charles H. Best, and J.J.R. Macleod are credited with its discovery at the University of Toronto in 1921. Their work revolutionized diabetes treatment. Later, James B. Collip purified the insulin, making it safe and effective for widespread use.
The Key Players in Insulin's Discovery and Development
- Frederick G. Banting: A Canadian surgeon, Banting is often cited as the primary discoverer, receiving the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923 (shared with Macleod). Learn more about Banting's life.
- Charles H. Best: A medical student working alongside Banting, Best played a crucial role in the insulin isolation process.
- J.J.R. Macleod: A professor of physiology, Macleod provided essential laboratory resources and guidance to the team. His contribution was instrumental in the success of the project.
- James B. Collip: A biochemist, Collip refined the insulin extraction method, resulting in a purer and safer form for human use. This crucial step allowed for the large-scale production and widespread distribution of insulin. Read about the early history of insulin.
The Path to Mass Production
Following the discovery, Eli Lilly and Company spearheaded the mass production of insulin, making it accessible to millions of people with diabetes. George Walden, a Lilly chemist, developed a crucial purification method, ensuring the insulin's quality and safety. Explore the commercialization of insulin.
Further advancements included the development of human synthetic insulin by Arthur D. Riggs, marking another significant milestone in diabetes treatment. Read more about the development of human synthetic insulin.
