Stomach acid, primarily hydrochloric acid (HCl), plays a crucial role in digestion and protecting our bodies from harmful bacteria.
Key Functions of Stomach Acid:
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Food Breakdown: Hydrochloric acid breaks down food particles, making them easier to digest. This process is essential for efficient nutrient absorption. [Reference: multiple sources including Byjus.com, InformedHealth.org, and Healthline.com]
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Enzyme Activation: The acidic environment created by HCl activates pepsinogen, converting it into the active enzyme pepsin. Pepsin is vital for protein digestion. [Reference: Toppr.com, Doubtnut.com]
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Bacterial Defense: Stomach acid acts as a powerful defense against harmful bacteria and pathogens ingested with food. The low pH of the stomach effectively kills most microorganisms. [Reference: DPU Hospital blog, SRM Global Hospitals blog]
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Nutrient Absorption: By breaking down food and creating the optimal environment for digestive enzymes, stomach acid indirectly facilitates the absorption of essential nutrients.
How Stomach Acid Works:
The stomach lining produces a protective mucus layer to prevent the acid from damaging the stomach itself. However, imbalances can lead to problems like indigestion or ulcers. [Reference: multiple sources including InformedHealth.org]
