Saliva contains several enzymes that aid in digestion. The most notable enzyme in saliva is amylase, which breaks down starches (complex carbohydrates) into sugars that your body can easily absorb. This process starts the digestion of carbohydrates even before the food reaches your stomach. Additionally, saliva contains lingual lipase, an enzyme that breaks down fats. This enzyme plays a smaller role in fat digestion than pancreatic lipase, which is secreted by the pancreas.
Other enzymes found in saliva include:
- Lysozyme: This enzyme has antibacterial properties and helps to kill bacteria in the mouth.
- Pseudocholinesterase: This enzyme plays a role in the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that helps with muscle function.
These enzymes, along with other components of saliva, contribute to the overall health of your oral cavity and aid in the initial stages of digestion.
