Signal assertion means that a signal is in its active state, performing the function it's designed to do. Essentially, it signifies that the signal is currently "doing what its name says."
Understanding Signal Assertion
When we talk about signal assertion in digital logic and electronics, we're referring to the signal being in the state that triggers or activates a specific function or behavior. It's crucial to understand that "active" doesn't inherently mean "high" (logic 1). Signals can be either:
- Active High: The signal is asserted (active) when it's at a high voltage level (usually represented as 1).
- Active Low: The signal is asserted (active) when it's at a low voltage level (usually represented as 0).
Examples of Signal Assertion
To illustrate, consider these common signals:
-
RESET (Active High): If the
RESET
signal is active high, it means the system resets when theRESET
line is HIGH. WhenRESET
is asserted, the system is being reset. -
ENABLE (Active High): If the
ENABLE
signal is active high, the connected component is enabled only when theENABLE
signal is HIGH. WhenENABLE
is asserted, the component is active. -
INTERRUPT (Active Low): If the
INTERRUPT
signal is active low, it means the interrupt is triggered when theINTERRUPT
line is LOW. WhenINTERRUPT
is asserted, the processor is being interrupted. -
CHIP_SELECT (Active Low): Microprocessors frequently use active low signals to select peripherals; a component might be selected and enabled when
CHIP_SELECT
is LOW. WhenCHIP_SELECT
is asserted, the corresponding chip is selected.
Importance of Knowing Assertion Level
It is vitally important to know whether a signal is active high or active low to properly interface with the circuit. Misunderstanding the assertion level can lead to unexpected and incorrect behavior. The signal name often, but not always, gives a clue, usually when an active low signal is indicated by a bar over its name in diagrams, or by a suffix such as "_L" or "_N" in textual descriptions.
In summary
Signal assertion simply means a signal is active; it is at the voltage level (high or low) that causes it to perform its designated function. Whether that's a high voltage or a low voltage depends on whether the signal is active high or active low, respectively.