Hair DNA refers to the genetic material found within hair follicles. It's not just one type, but two: nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA.
Types of Hair DNA
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Nuclear DNA: This is found in the root of the hair follicle. It's the more common type of DNA used in forensic science because it provides a complete genetic profile of the individual. This DNA contains the complete genome, representing a person's unique genetic blueprint. Learn more about nuclear DNA (Example link - replace with a relevant, reputable source if needed).
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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Located in the hair shaft, mtDNA is inherited only from the mother. While it doesn't offer the same level of individual identification as nuclear DNA, it's still valuable in investigations where nuclear DNA is degraded or unavailable. Mitochondrial DNA analysis is particularly helpful in tracing maternal lineages. Learn more about mitochondrial DNA (Example link - replace with a relevant, reputable source if needed).
Practical Applications of Hair DNA Analysis
Hair DNA analysis is a crucial tool in:
- Forensic science: Identifying suspects or victims in criminal investigations.
- Paternity testing: Establishing biological relationships.
- Genealogical research: Tracing family history and ancestry.
- Medical diagnostics: Detecting genetic diseases.
The presence of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA within a hair follicle makes it a powerful source of genetic information for various applications. The type of DNA used depends on the specific context and the available sample. For instance, if a hair is found at a crime scene but lacks a root, mtDNA can still provide useful information.
