How to Transport DNA Samples?

Transporting DNA samples safely and reliably requires careful packaging and handling to prevent degradation, contamination, and spillage.

Steps for Safe DNA Sample Transportation:

1. Primary Containment:

   • Use tightly capped tubes designed for sample storage. Ensure the caps are secure to prevent leaks.
   • Consider using screw-cap tubes with O-rings for a more reliable seal.
   • Wrapping the tube tops with Parafilm® is a recommended additional safeguard. This helps prevent accidental opening and reduces the risk of contamination.

2. Secondary Containment:

   • Place the sealed tube(s) into a durable, sealable plastic bag or container. This acts as secondary containment in case of leakage from the primary container.
   • Use rigid containers made of materials like polypropylene or polycarbonate to prevent crushing or breakage during transport.
   • Include absorbent material inside the secondary container to absorb any potential leaks.

3. Temperature Control (If Necessary):

   • Consider the temperature sensitivity of your DNA sample. If refrigeration or freezing is required, use appropriate coolants like ice packs, dry ice, or liquid nitrogen.
   • Ensure the coolant is adequately packaged to maintain the desired temperature throughout transportation and prevent direct contact with the samples. Use insulated containers to maintain temperature.
   • Monitor the temperature during transport using a data logger or temperature indicator.

4. Packaging and Labeling:

   • Place the secondary container inside a sturdy outer packaging (e.g., a cardboard box).
   • Add cushioning material (e.g., bubble wrap, packing peanuts) around the secondary container to protect it from impacts during transit.
   • Clearly label the outer packaging with the following information:
     • "Biological Substance, Category B" (if applicable, according to IATA regulations). This is a standard designation for diagnostic specimens.
     • "Exempt Human Specimen" (if the sample meets criteria for exemption).
     • Sender's name, address, and phone number.
     • Recipient's name, address, and phone number.
     • A 24-hour emergency contact number.
     • Indication of any temperature requirements (e.g., "Keep Refrigerated").
     • Statement indicating that the package contains non-infectious biological material.

5. Documentation:

   • Include a detailed inventory of the samples being shipped, including sample IDs and descriptions.
   • Include any relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for any hazardous materials being shipped (e.g., dry ice).
   • Retain a copy of all documentation for your records.

6. Shipping Regulations:

   • Familiarize yourself with all applicable shipping regulations, including those from the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the Department of Transportation (DOT), and any local regulations.
   • If shipping internationally, be aware of customs regulations and any required permits.
   • Choose a reputable carrier experienced in handling biological materials. Companies like FedEx, UPS, and DHL have specific guidelines for shipping biological samples.

7. Dry Ice (If Applicable):

   • When using dry ice, ensure the packaging allows for the release of carbon dioxide gas to prevent pressure buildup.
   • Declare the presence of dry ice to the carrier.
   • Follow all regulations regarding the amount of dry ice allowed per package and the required labeling.

In summary, carefully sealing tubes, providing secondary containment, maintaining appropriate temperature, clearly labeling the package, including proper documentation, and adhering to relevant shipping regulations are crucial for the successful and safe transport of DNA samples.