Beerus didn't destroy Earth because a few key factors intervened, primarily the delicious food and his desire to see Goku's potential.
Here's a breakdown of why Earth survived Beerus' initial visit:
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The Food: While initially intending to destroy Earth after not being able to find a worthy Super Saiyan God, Beerus was impressed by the food offered by Bulma and the Z Fighters. The flavors, particularly the pudding, captivated him and temporarily delayed his destructive intentions.
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The Super Saiyan God Ritual: Goku was able to transform into a Super Saiyan God with the help of the other Saiyans. This provided Beerus with the fight he was looking for, delaying the destruction further.
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Goku's Potential: Ultimately, Beerus was intrigued by Goku's potential. Even though Goku lost the fight, Beerus recognized the Saiyan's ability to improve and surpass his limits. Whis later confirms that Beerus didn't use his full power during the fight, implying he wanted to gauge Goku's capabilities.
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Beerus's Sleep: The provided reference mentions Beerus falling asleep. While a factor (perhaps influenced by his enjoyment of the food and satisfaction from the fight), it wasn't the sole reason. It contributed to delaying the destruction, but his interest in Goku's power was more fundamental.
In essence, Earth was spared due to a combination of culinary delights, the emergence of the Super Saiyan God, and Beerus's fascination with Goku's latent power. Beerus decided that witnessing Goku's growth was more worthwhile than simply destroying the planet.
