The answer depends entirely on which Super Saiyan Goku and which Krillin we're talking about. This is highly dependent on the timeline and power scaling inconsistencies in Dragon Ball.
Here's a breakdown:
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Namek Saga SSJ Goku vs. Current Krillin: According to the reference, some believe Krillin, by the time of Dragon Ball Super, surpasses Namek Saga Super Saiyan Goku, whose power level was purportedly 150,000,000. If we accept this power level and if we accept that Krillin scales above it, then yes, Krillin could potentially win. However, power levels are unreliable and largely abandoned in later Dragon Ball series.
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Early Android Saga SSJ Goku vs. Early Android Saga Krillin: Goku at this point is significantly stronger than on Namek. Krillin doesn't significantly close the gap on Goku. Goku would win.
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Super Saiyan God/Blue/Etc. Goku vs. Krillin (DBS): Goku, in any of his Super Saiyan God forms, would completely obliterate Krillin. The power difference is astronomical. Krillin stands no chance.
Conclusion:
The assertion that Krillin could beat any version of Super Saiyan Goku is highly contentious and depends entirely on cherry-picking specific points in the Dragon Ball timeline and accepting outdated power level assumptions. In almost all realistic scenarios from the Android Saga onwards, Goku would win decisively.
