Your child's ear might be blocked due to several reasons, most commonly a blocked Eustachian tube. This tube is responsible for draining fluid from the space behind the eardrum. This blockage usually isn't caused by an ear infection.
Common Causes of a Blocked Ear in Children:
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Blocked Eustachian Tube: This is the most frequent cause. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. When it becomes blocked, fluid can build up, leading to a feeling of fullness or blockage. [Source: St. Louis Children's Hospital, MyHealth.Alberta.ca]
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Earwax Buildup: Excessive earwax can accumulate and obstruct the ear canal, causing a sense of blockage. While usually self-cleaning, sometimes earwax builds up, especially if pushed in with cotton swabs or fingers. [Source: Nemours KidsHealth]
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Fluid Buildup (Glue Ear or Otitis Media with Effusion): This often follows a middle ear infection. Fluid remains in the middle ear after the infection clears, causing a muffled hearing and feeling of fullness. This usually resolves within 3 months without treatment. [Source: MyHealth.Alberta.ca, Better Health Channel]
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Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media): An infection in the middle ear causes fluid (pus) buildup, leading to pain and a feeling of blockage. [Source: Nemours KidsHealth, Healthdirect]
Less Common Causes:
While less frequent, other factors can contribute to a blocked ear sensation:
- Foreign Object: A small object lodged in the ear canal can cause blockage.
- Allergies: Allergies can sometimes cause swelling in the Eustachian tubes, leading to blockage.
- Changes in Air Pressure: Changes in altitude (e.g., during air travel) can temporarily affect the Eustachian tubes.
What to Do:
If your child complains of a blocked ear, observing the situation for a few days might be enough, especially if it’s likely to be fluid buildup. Simple techniques like the Valsalva maneuver (holding the nose and gently blowing) might help relieve pressure from a Eustachian tube blockage, but consult a doctor if the issue persists. Never attempt to clean your child's ears with cotton swabs. [Source: Cleveland Clinic] For significant blockage, medical assistance should be sought.
