The approach to treating ear discharge varies depending on its underlying cause, but a common recommendation is to keep the ear dry and avoid swimming.
Understanding Ear Discharge
Ear discharge, also known as otorrhea, is any fluid that comes out of the ear. While earwax is normal and helps protect the ear canal, other types of discharge can indicate an underlying issue.
Common Causes of Ear Discharge
- Middle ear infections: These are frequent, especially in children, and often result in fluid buildup behind the eardrum.
- Swimmer's ear: An infection of the outer ear canal, usually caused by water remaining in the ear after swimming.
- Eardrum rupture: A tear in the eardrum can lead to discharge, often accompanied by sudden pain relief.
- Foreign objects: Items lodged in the ear canal can cause irritation and discharge.
- Skin conditions: Eczema or psoriasis in the ear canal can sometimes result in fluid leakage.
Treatment Approaches
The treatment strategy depends on what's causing the discharge. Here's a breakdown of common approaches:
| Cause | Treatment |
|---|---|
| Middle Ear Infection | Usually clears up on its own in a few days; keeping the ear dry is recommended. Occasionally you may need antibiotics. |
| Swimmer's Ear | Keeping the ear dry; antibiotic ear drops may be prescribed. |
| Eardrum Rupture | Often heals on its own; avoid getting water in the ear; see a doctor if it doesn't heal or if there's hearing loss. |
| Foreign Objects | Removal by a healthcare professional; do not attempt to remove it yourself. |
| Skin Conditions | Topical treatments to manage the underlying skin condition. |
Practical Tips to Stop Ear Discharge
- Keep the Ear Dry: Moisture can worsen infections and delay healing.
- Use earplugs or a cotton ball coated in petroleum jelly when showering or bathing.
- Avoid swimming until the discharge has completely stopped.
- Avoid Inserting Objects: Do not use cotton swabs or other objects to clean the ear canal, as this can push debris further in or damage the eardrum.
- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage discomfort.
- Antibiotics: If the discharge is due to a bacterial infection, a doctor might prescribe antibiotics, either as ear drops or oral medication. These usually are not needed for middle ear infections, which normally clear up on their own.
When to See a Doctor
While some cases of ear discharge resolve on their own, it's important to seek medical attention if:
- The discharge is bloody or pus-like.
- You experience severe pain, fever, or hearing loss.
- The discharge persists for more than a few days.
- You suspect a foreign object is lodged in the ear.
