Earwax, or cerumen, is typically described as wet or dry, depending on its consistency. Most commonly, earwax is amber orange to light brown, wet, and sticky. However, for some individuals, it's drier and lighter in color, closer to off-white or yellow. The difference is largely genetic, linked to the ABCC11 gene. The wet wax type is more prevalent among Caucasians and Africans, while dry wax is more common in those of Asian descent. It's crucial to understand that "wet" earwax isn't necessarily watery; it simply refers to its sticky, thick consistency. Runny earwax, which can occur after swimming, is different from wet earwax. Excess earwax buildup, regardless of its wetness, can lead to blockage and discomfort.
Understanding Earwax Consistency
- Wet Earwax: This type is thick, sticky, and typically darker in color (amber to dark brown).
- Dry Earwax: This type is flaky, crumbly, and usually lighter in color (off-white to light yellow).
- Runny Earwax: This is not a typical type of earwax, but rather a temporary condition that can result from water exposure.
The Genetics of Earwax
The ABCC11 gene plays a significant role in determining earwax type. A specific allele of this gene dictates whether an individual will produce wet or dry earwax. Having even one copy of the allele for wet earwax results in wet earwax, making it a dominant trait.
Important Note on Watery Ear Discharge
While wet earwax is a normal occurrence, watery ear discharge can be a sign of an ear infection or a ruptured eardrum. This is a very different situation and requires medical attention.
