While there isn't a single, universally agreed-upon list of the three constructivist principles, key tenets frequently emphasized and fundamental to the theory include:
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Knowledge is Actively Constructed: Individuals don't passively receive information; instead, they actively create their own understanding and knowledge through experience and reflection. Learning is an active process, not a passive one.
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Learning is a Social Activity: Knowledge construction is often enhanced through social interaction and collaboration. Dialogue, discussion, and sharing perspectives with others are crucial to developing a deeper understanding. This includes learning from peers, teachers, and the broader community.
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Prior Knowledge Shapes Learning: New knowledge is constructed in relation to existing knowledge. Individuals interpret new information based on their prior experiences, beliefs, and understandings. Effective instruction takes into account the learner's existing knowledge and helps them build upon it.
These three principles guide constructivist teaching practices, encouraging participation, teamwork, and practical experimentation, as well as recognizing the critical role of social interaction and the importance of prior knowledge in shaping new learning experiences.
