The range of motion following an elbow injury is variable, but typically, a functional range of motion is considered to be 30 to 130 degrees. An elbow injury often leads to a restricted range of motion compared to the normal range, which extends from 0 degrees (full extension) to approximately 145 degrees (full flexion).
Factors Affecting Range of Motion After an Elbow Injury
The extent of range of motion limitation depends on several factors:
- Type of Injury: Fractures, dislocations, ligament tears, and muscle strains can all affect the elbow's ability to move freely.
- Severity of Injury: More severe injuries generally result in greater limitations in range of motion.
- Presence of Complications: Complications such as swelling, pain, scar tissue formation, and nerve damage can further restrict movement.
- Individual Factors: Age, pre-existing conditions (like arthritis), and overall health can influence recovery and the resulting range of motion.
- Treatment Approach: The type of treatment (surgical vs. non-surgical) and the effectiveness of rehabilitation play a crucial role in regaining range of motion.
Elbow Contracture
Elbow contracture, a common complication after elbow injuries, is characterized by the shortening or tightening of tissues around the elbow joint. This significantly limits the elbow's range of motion. The goal of treatment is to restore a functional arc of motion.
Rehabilitation and Recovery
Rehabilitation exercises, including stretching and strengthening, are essential for regaining range of motion after an elbow injury. A physical therapist can design a customized program to address specific limitations and help restore function.
