Changing a light box to an outlet involves safely disconnecting the light fixture and installing a new electrical receptacle in its place, provided the existing wiring is suitable.
Here's a breakdown of the process, drawing steps from resources like the AHS Home Matters guide:
Essential Steps to Convert a Light Box
Converting a light fixture box into an electrical outlet requires careful planning and adherence to safety protocols. It's a task suitable for those comfortable with basic electrical work, always prioritizing safety.
1. Buy a New Receptacle
Before starting, ensure you have the necessary components. This includes:
- A new electrical outlet (receptacle) of the correct type (e.g., 15A or 20A, tamper-resistant if required by code).
- An outlet cover plate.
- A compatible electrical box if the existing light box is not suitable (outlet boxes are typically deeper than standard light boxes and need to be rated for the device).
2. Gather Your Tools
You'll need several tools for this job. A basic set includes:
- Screwdrivers (Phillips and flathead)
- Wire strippers/cutters
- Voltage tester (non-contact or multimeter)
- Needle-nose pliers
- Electrical tape
- Wire nuts
- Safety glasses
3. Cut the Power
This is the most crucial step for safety.
- Locate the circuit breaker or fuse that controls the power to the light fixture you're working on.
- Flip the breaker to the OFF position or remove the fuse.
- Verify the power is off at the light fixture using your voltage tester before touching any wires.
4. Unscrew the Light Fixture
Carefully remove the old light fixture.
- Remove any screws, nuts, or decorative caps holding the fixture to the ceiling or wall box.
- Gently lower the fixture to expose the wiring inside the electrical box.
5. Disconnect the Wires
Inside the box, you'll find the wires connected to the light fixture.
- Note how the wires are connected (typically using wire nuts).
- Carefully twist off the wire nuts to disconnect the fixture's wires from the house wiring (usually black, white, and potentially a ground wire).
6. Set Aside the Light Fixture
Once disconnected, safely remove the old light fixture and set it aside. Ensure no loose wires from the house wiring fall back into the wall or ceiling.
7. Restrip the Wiring
The ends of the existing wires might be damaged or twisted from the previous connection.
- Use your wire strippers to carefully strip about 1/2 to 3/4 inch of insulation from the ends of the black (hot), white (neutral), and ground (bare copper or green) wires in the box. This provides clean wire ends for connecting to the new outlet.
8. Identify Your Wires
Proper identification is vital for correct and safe wiring.
- Black Wire: This is typically the hot wire. It carries power from the source.
- White Wire: This is the neutral wire. It completes the circuit.
- Bare Copper or Green Wire: This is the ground wire. It provides a safety path for electricity in case of a fault.
You will connect these wires to the corresponding terminals on the new outlet:
| Wire Type | Color | Outlet Terminal | Screw Color |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot | Black | Smaller Slot Terminal | Brass/Gold |
| Neutral | White | Larger Slot Terminal | Silver |
| Ground | Bare Copper / Green | Rounded/Hex Terminal | Green |
Finishing the Installation (Beyond the Referenced Steps)
Once the wires are identified and prepared:
- Check the Box: Ensure the existing electrical box is securely mounted and deep enough for the new outlet and wiring. Replace it with a suitable outlet box if necessary.
- Connect the Wires: Connect the restripped wires from the box to the correct screw terminals on the new outlet. Ensure the wire is looped clockwise around the screw and tightened securely. Connect the ground wire first.
- Mount the Outlet: Carefully fold the wires into the box and screw the new outlet to the box.
- Install the Cover Plate: Attach the outlet cover plate.
- Restore Power & Test: Go back to your breaker box, turn the power back on, and test the new outlet using a lamp or outlet tester.
Important Considerations:
- Box Compatibility: Ensure the existing light box is suitable for an outlet. Many older light boxes are not designed for the physical strain or depth required by receptacles.
- Circuit Load: Consider what you plan to plug into the new outlet. Ensure the circuit can handle the additional load without tripping the breaker.
- Electrical Codes: Always perform electrical work in compliance with local electrical codes. If unsure, consult a qualified electrician.
This process converts the connection point from a light fixture mount to a standard electrical outlet, making it suitable for plugging in various devices.
