In a typical 110v single-phase electrical system, the black wire is generally considered the hot wire.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Color Coding: Electrical wiring uses color coding for safety and to easily identify different wires. The general color scheme in North America for a 110v single-phase system is:
- Black: Hot (Live) - Carries the current from the power source.
- White: Neutral - Returns the current to the power source; it's typically connected to ground at the service panel.
- Green (or Bare): Ground - Provides a path for fault current to return to the source, tripping the breaker and preventing electrical shock.
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Function: The "hot" wire, being black, supplies the voltage necessary to power a device. It is considered live and dangerous.
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Why is it important to know the hot wire? Identifying the hot wire is crucial for safe electrical work. Touching a hot wire can result in severe electrical shock. Knowing which wire is hot is essential when wiring outlets, switches, and other electrical components.
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Exceptions: While black is the standard, in some older installations or in specific scenarios, other colors might be used as hot wires. It is always best to test wires with a voltage tester to confirm which is hot before working on any electrical circuit.
Disclaimer: Electrical work can be dangerous. If you are not comfortable working with electricity, it is best to hire a qualified electrician.
