In emergency situations, several types of cannulas might be used, depending on the specific medical need. The most common type is the peripheral intravenous cannula (PIVC).
Peripheral Intravenous Cannula (PIVC)
PIVCs are frequently used in emergency departments (EDs) for delivering fluids, medications, blood, or contrast agents. [Source: Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation is one of the most commonly performed invasive procedures in the emergency department (ED). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acem.13335] They provide quick and efficient intravenous access for immediate treatment. A PIVC is often the first-line invasive intervention for patients in the emergency department. [Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32139321/]
Other cannulas used in emergencies, depending on the situation, may include:
- Urinary catheters: Used to drain the bladder if necessary. [Source: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003981.htm]
- High-flow nasal cannula: Used for respiratory support in children and adults with certain respiratory conditions. [Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526071/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755717304473]
- Hemodialysis catheters: May be used in emergencies for dialysis if a fistula or graft is unavailable. [Source: https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/hemodialysis-catheters-how-to-keep-yours-working-well]
- Umbilical vein catheters: Can be used in newborns for emergency access. [Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549869/]
The choice of cannula depends entirely on the patient's condition and the type of emergency care required.
