The alpha cells of the pancreas produce glucagon.
Understanding Glucagon and Its Source
Glucagon is a peptide hormone essential for regulating blood glucose levels. When blood sugar levels drop too low, glucagon is released to raise them back to normal. This hormone is specifically produced by a particular type of cell within the pancreas called the alpha cell.
Alpha Cells: The Glucagon Factories
- Location: Alpha cells are found in the islets of Langerhans within the pancreas. These islets are clusters of endocrine cells that produce various hormones.
- Function: They are responsible for synthesizing and secreting glucagon into the bloodstream.
- Stimulus: Alpha cells release glucagon when blood glucose levels are low, typically between meals or during fasting.
Why Glucagon Production is Important
Glucagon plays a vital role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. When blood sugar is low, glucagon works by:
- Stimulating Glycogenolysis: It encourages the breakdown of glycogen (stored glucose) in the liver, releasing glucose into the blood.
- Promoting Gluconeogenesis: It supports the liver to synthesize new glucose molecules from other sources, such as amino acids.
Quick Summary
| Cell Type | Hormone Produced | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Alpha Cells | Glucagon | Raises blood glucose levels when low. |
In conclusion, the specific cells responsible for producing glucagon are the alpha cells of the pancreas.
