The adrenal medulla is the part of the body that produces adrenaline.
The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal glands, two small glands located above the kidneys. It plays a critical role in the body's response to stress by synthesizing and secreting hormones known as catecholamines. The primary catecholamines produced are epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
Adrenal Medulla and Adrenaline Production
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Location: Inner part of the adrenal glands.
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Function: Produces catecholamines, primarily adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine).
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Stimulus: Triggered by the sympathetic nervous system in response to stress, exercise, or low blood sugar.
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Mechanism: When stimulated, the adrenal medulla releases adrenaline into the bloodstream.
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Effects of Adrenaline:
- Increases heart rate and blood pressure
- Dilates airways to improve oxygen intake
- Releases glucose from storage for energy
- Increases alertness
- Prepares the body for "fight or flight"
Adrenaline: The "Fight or Flight" Hormone
Adrenaline, often called the "fight or flight" hormone, is essential for survival in stressful or dangerous situations. Its release prepares the body to either confront the threat or flee from it.
Other Hormones Produced by Adrenal Glands
It's important to note that while the adrenal medulla produces adrenaline, the adrenal glands as a whole also produce other vital hormones, including cortisol (produced in the adrenal cortex), which regulates metabolism and helps the body respond to stress.
