A glue laminated beam, often called glulam, is an engineered wood product created by bonding together layers of dimensional lumber with durable, moisture-resistant structural adhesives.
Glulam is a specific type of structural engineered wood product. According to the definition, it consists of:
- Layers of Dimensional Lumber: These are pieces of standard-sized sawn timber.
- Bonded Together: The layers are joined using strong structural adhesives designed to withstand moisture.
- Parallel Grain: A key characteristic is that the grain of all the individual lumber layers runs parallel to the beam's length (its longitudinal axis).
Understanding Glulam
This method of construction creates beams, columns, and other structural shapes that are stronger and more stable than comparable pieces of solid sawn timber. By laminating smaller pieces, manufacturers can produce large, long, and curved structural elements that would be impossible to obtain from a single tree.
Key Features of Glulam
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Composition | Layers of dimensional lumber (typically softwood). |
| Bonding | High-strength, moisture-resistant structural adhesives. |
| Grain | Runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam. |
| Form | Can be straight, curved, or complex shapes. |
| Strength | Often stronger pound-for-pound than steel or concrete in certain applications. |
Why Use Glulam?
- Structural Performance: Offers excellent strength and stiffness.
- Design Flexibility: Allows for long spans and unique architectural shapes.
- Dimensional Stability: Less prone to warping or splitting compared to solid timber.
- Sustainability: Made from renewable resources, often from smaller trees or salvaged wood.
- Appearance: Provides the natural look and warmth of wood.
Common Applications
Glulam beams are widely used in various construction projects, including:
- Residential homes (as large carrying beams)
- Commercial buildings (retail spaces, offices)
- Institutional structures (schools, churches)
- Bridges
- Sports arenas and large public assembly buildings
Essentially, anywhere a strong, long, or architecturally interesting timber beam is required, glulam is a prime candidate. Its ability to be manufactured in specific sizes and strengths makes it a versatile and reliable building material.
