An ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) level above 100 mm/hr is generally considered a reason for worry, as it may indicate an underlying health issue according to available information. However, anything under that level is often considered normal.
Understanding ESR Levels
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a blood test that measures how quickly red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube in one hour. It's a non-specific test that can indicate inflammation in the body.
- Normal ESR: Varies depending on age and sex, but generally, values below 100 mm/hr are considered normal.
- Elevated ESR: An elevated ESR indicates inflammation but doesn't pinpoint the exact cause.
- High ESR (Above 100 mm/hr): Levels above 100 mm/hr raise more significant concern.
Reasons for Worry with Elevated ESR
An ESR level above 100 mm/hr warrants further investigation to determine the underlying cause. According to the reference material, the test should always be focused on the diagnosis of potential tumors, temporal arthritis, PMR (polymyalgia rheumatica) and other diseases when ESR is elevated. Some potential reasons for a worrying ESR level include:
- Infections: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can cause inflammation.
- Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and polymyalgia rheumatica can elevate ESR.
- Certain Cancers: Some cancers, such as multiple myeloma and lymphoma, can lead to high ESR levels.
- Kidney Disease: Kidney problems can also increase ESR.
- Temporal Arteritis: Inflammation of the arteries in the head and neck.
Factors Affecting ESR
Various factors besides disease can influence ESR, including:
- Age: ESR tends to increase with age.
- Sex: Women generally have slightly higher ESR levels than men.
- Pregnancy: Pregnancy can also elevate ESR.
- Increased Globulins: An increase in globulins can also be a reason for higher ESR.
What to Do if Your ESR is Elevated
If your ESR is elevated, your doctor will likely order further tests to determine the cause of the inflammation. These tests might include:
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): To check for signs of infection or other blood disorders.
- C-Reactive Protein (CRP): Another marker of inflammation.
- Rheumatoid Factor (RF) and Anti-CCP: To check for rheumatoid arthritis.
- Antinuclear Antibody (ANA): To screen for autoimmune disorders.
- Imaging Studies: X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs may be used to look for signs of infection, cancer, or other abnormalities.
